plumbing London Bried and simple history of plumbing
Plumbing was very rare until modern cities grew in the 19th century. At about the same time, public health leaders began wanting better systems to get rid of waste. Before this, people got rid of waste by collecting it and dumping it onto the ground or into rivers. However, there were some plumbing pipes in the city settlements of the Indus Valley Civilization by 2700 B.C. Plumbing was also used during the ancient civilizations such as the Greek, Roman, Persian, Indian, and Chinese civilizations as they built public baths and needed drinking water, and somewhere to drain waste. The Romans used pipe inscriptions to stop people from stealing water.
These systems did not improve much over the years. There were almost no improvements from the time of the Roman aqueducts and lead pipes until the 19th century. Eventually the development of separate, underground water and sewage systems got rid of open sewage ditches and cesspools. Most large cities today send solid wastes through pipes to sewage treatment plants. Treatment separates water from waste and makes the water more pure before it goes into streams or other bodies of water. Most places stopped using lead for drinking water after World War II because of the dangers of lead poisoning. At this time, copper piping was started because it was safer than using lead pipes.
Źródło: https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plumbing
encyclopedically about plumbing - Wikipedia
Wikipedia tells us a little about what plumbing really is:
Plumbing is the system of pipes, drains, fittings, valves, and fixtures installed for the distribution of potable water for drinking, heating and washing, and waterborne waste removal. "Plumbing" also refers to a skilled trade which deals with installation and maintenance.
The plumbing industry is a basic and substantial part of every developed economy. The word derives from the Latin plumbum for lead, as the first effective pipes used in Roman era were lead pipes.
"Plumbing" often denotes the supply and waste system of an individual building, distinguishing it from water supply and sewage systems that serve a group of buildings.
Źródło: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plumbing
Different pipes for different purposes
Constructing your plumbing and drainage installation, isn't as straightforward as it may seem. First thing you need to choose, is what type of pipes are you going to use? There is plenty to choose from, but not all are multi purpose and good for your home.
Generally speaking, you need the ones relatively easy to install, repair if needed and with long life span. Price is also relevant, of course, but sometimes it is better to pay up more up front, rather than upgrade it later.
The answer to such problem is only one - PEX pipes. You might thought that copper pipes are better, but they aren't - harder to install and much more expensive. All in all, pipes from PEX are very good, either for the plumber or user. The only thing that's left, is to find were you can get them cheapest, and in required diameters.